More About Animals
一、 說教材
香港朗文教材在內(nèi)容的設(shè)計(jì)上和深港版教材相比,難度要高。從第四單元開始,就進(jìn)入現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的學(xué)習(xí),和前面三個單元的內(nèi)容聯(lián)系不大,唯一的聯(lián)系就是出現(xiàn)之前學(xué)習(xí)過的幾個關(guān)于動物的名詞。本單元的主要內(nèi)容有兩個:
一)學(xué)習(xí)六個新的動詞及其現(xiàn)在分詞形式。其中,有三個動詞屬于重讀閉音節(jié),其分詞形式變化涉及特殊規(guī)則,要雙寫詞尾字母。因?yàn)楸締卧堑谝淮纬霈F(xiàn)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容,因此,我們采取淡化處理,不特別強(qiáng)調(diào)分詞的變化規(guī)則,只要求學(xué)生對此有過初步的印象。
二)在此基礎(chǔ)之上,用有關(guān)動物的名詞做主語,并對單數(shù)主語和復(fù)數(shù)主語進(jìn)行區(qū)分,學(xué)習(xí)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時來描述動物的動作。本單元只出現(xiàn)陳述句,在下一單元也就是第五單元才開始對疑問句的學(xué)習(xí)?梢愿鶕(jù)學(xué)生對現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的掌握情況適當(dāng)進(jìn)行一些疑問句的拓展,為下一單元的學(xué)習(xí)起個鋪墊作用,但要掌握好度。
二、說教法
根據(jù)學(xué)生的認(rèn)知規(guī)律,尤其是低年級教學(xué), 應(yīng)當(dāng)注意培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對這門學(xué)科的興趣,保持強(qiáng)烈的好奇心和旺盛的求知欲。遵循這一原則,我采用如下教法:
1.任務(wù)型教學(xué)法:讓學(xué)生通過思考、調(diào)查、討論、交流和合作等方式學(xué)習(xí)和使用英語完成學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)。
2.情景教學(xué)法:多媒體輔助教學(xué)集圖像、聲音、文字于一體,利用多媒體或?qū)嵨餅閷W(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)情景,使教學(xué)內(nèi)容更生動、形象,吸引學(xué)生的注意力,讓學(xué)生身臨其境地學(xué)習(xí)英語。
3.游戲教學(xué)法:通過唱歌、游戲及體態(tài)語言啟發(fā)誘導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成本課任務(wù)。
4、交際法:學(xué)習(xí)英語,目的在于用英語進(jìn)行交際。遵循這一原則,盡量創(chuàng)造機(jī)會讓學(xué)生與學(xué)生,學(xué)生與老師之間進(jìn)行對話,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語言交際能力。
三、 說學(xué)法
教學(xué)目標(biāo)是教學(xué)活動的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和歸宿,根據(jù)新課標(biāo)以及大綱要求,結(jié)合以上分析,我確定本課的教學(xué)目標(biāo)如下:
(一)、教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1、 知識目標(biāo)(LINGUISTIC FACTORS):
(1) 能正確聽、說、讀、詞匯eat/eating, sleep/sleeping, fight/fighting, hop/hopping, swim/swimming, run/running
在此基礎(chǔ)之上,能拼寫以上單詞的部分字母;
(2)正確聽、說、讀、句型
The elephant is sleeping. /The hippo is eating.
The rabbits are hopping. /The turtles are swimming.
在此基礎(chǔ)之上,能利用已經(jīng)學(xué)過的詞匯進(jìn)行語言的創(chuàng)造。
2、 能力目標(biāo) (ABILITY AIDS):
培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合語言運(yùn)用能力,鍛煉學(xué)生的基本的聽說能力及表達(dá)能力。
3. 德育目標(biāo)(MORAL EDUCATION):
結(jié)合語言學(xué)習(xí)培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造個性,鍛煉分析問題和解決問題的能力。
(二)教學(xué)重點(diǎn):
學(xué)習(xí)六個動詞及其現(xiàn)在分詞的變化,并能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時對動作做出描述。
(三)教學(xué)難點(diǎn):
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的單復(fù)數(shù)變化
(四)、教具:
單詞卡片,圖片,多媒體演示文稿、實(shí)物
四、說教學(xué)程序
Step One Warming up
Sing a song << walking>>
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:這首歌歌詞的主要部分是由幾個現(xiàn)在分詞組成,和這節(jié)課的核心內(nèi)容非常貼近,既能起到熱身作用,也是為后面對現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的學(xué)習(xí)做好鋪墊。)
Step Two Lead in and teach new words
A eat:
1.用手指在黑板上畫一個蛋糕,讓學(xué)生猜我畫的是什么,然后托著這個空氣蛋糕走到學(xué)生中間問:Who wants to eat a cake? 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生說I want to eat a cake. 對回答正確的同學(xué)獎勵空氣蛋糕,由此引出新單詞eat,并鼓勵學(xué)生根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)語音教學(xué)法拼出新單詞, 將其板書出來,同時讓學(xué)生找出含ea字母組合的單詞,如:please/teacher/teapot/ ice creams。
2.提問:What do you like eating? 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生用I like eating …的句型來回答,如:I like eating ice creams/apples/pizzas/kitty/fish/desks /chopsticks…. 如果學(xué)生的回答中規(guī)中矩的話,可以讓學(xué)生向老師提問:What do you like eating? 老師做開拓思性回答,如:I like eating windows /Kitty.
當(dāng)學(xué)生給出答案時,老師給學(xué)生空氣食物: Here’s your ice cream, eat please! 當(dāng)學(xué)生假裝吃的時候,老師說:David is eating ice cream.當(dāng)這個過程反復(fù)幾次后,將eating板書出來,并問全班同學(xué):What is he/she doing? 到這個時候,聰明的學(xué)生已經(jīng)知道用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時回答,反復(fù)幾次練習(xí)之后將what is he/she doing? He/She is eating.板書出來。
sleep:
1.小聲告訴一個學(xué)生A,讓其睡在桌子上,怎么搖學(xué)生A也不起來:Don’t sleep! Wake up! What’s wrong? What can I do? Don’t sleep! Wake up! 讓另一個學(xué)生來搖晃他,邊搖邊說Don’t sleep! 學(xué)生A不起來。再換一個學(xué)生來搖他,學(xué)生A依然不起來。最后讓全班同學(xué)一起說:Don’t sleep! 他才起來。由此引出新單詞sleep,并鼓勵學(xué)生根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)語音教學(xué)法拼出新單詞, 將其板書出來,同時讓學(xué)生找出含ee字母組合的單詞,并將ee與ea作比較和區(qū)分。
2. 讓學(xué)生B睡在桌子上,老師說:B is sleeping. Wake up(伴以有力的手勢,讓學(xué)生明白是“醒來”的意思,補(bǔ)充短語wake up,學(xué)會拼寫,對比cake來教)!反復(fù)二三此后,問學(xué)生What is he/she doing?學(xué)生答He/She is sleeping.全班同學(xué)大喊一聲Wake up!睡著的同學(xué)必須快速坐端正。將What is he/she doing? He/She is sleeping.板書出來。可以全班一起sleep/Wake up.以增加樂趣。
3. 德育教育:Hey! Listen to me. Are you good students? Good students should sit up straight and listen to the teacher carefully. You can’t sleep in the class, ok?
fight:
1. show PPT (靜止的打架圖片)T:Are they good friends? No,They fight!
Everybody says, Don’t fight! 由此引出新單詞fight,并鼓勵學(xué)生根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)語音教學(xué)法拼出新單詞, 將其板書出來,先寫出fit,然后告訴學(xué)生漏掉兩個不發(fā)音的字母組合gh,讓學(xué)生找類似單詞light/eight/eighteen/eighty。老師做開拓思性提示,F(xiàn)ight with the chair/lights/bags…
2. show PPT (老鼠和貓打架) T: What can you see? (板書比較區(qū)分mouth [mauθ]和mouse [maus],鼓勵學(xué)生區(qū)分th的兩種不同發(fā)音) Are they good friends? What are they doing? They are fighting.
3. 德育教育:Do you like fighting? We are in the same class-Class Three. We are classmates. We are good friends. Can you fight with your food friends? Good kids don’t liking fighting. We don’t like fighting!
run:
T: Sa, run! Run fast! Run slowly! What is Sa doing?
Ss: Sa is running.
T: Sb and Sc, When I say Go, you run fast. When you run here, use your finger to touch teachers’ desk. I want to see who is number one to come here.
T: What are they doing?
Ss: They are running.
鼓勵學(xué)生根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)語音教學(xué)法拼出單詞run, 將其板書出來。T: Can you spell running? 學(xué)生拼出來的一定是runing,此時糾正錯誤,改為running.
強(qiáng)調(diào)T: How many letter “n”s are there?
全班同學(xué)一起跑,T: What are you doing? We are running.
T:Who can’t run? The chairs/desks/birds can’t run.
hop:
T: Are you a frog?
Sa: Yes.
T: How does a frog go to school?
Sa: The frog hops to school?
T: (深港版教材第二冊第四單元Part E):
I’m a frog on a log. I can hop, hop, hop.
I’m a puppy in the sun. I can run, run, run.
T: You are frogs. Hop, please.
What are the frogs doing?
Ss: The frogs are hopping.
T: What else can hop?
Ss: The rabbits can hop.
鼓勵學(xué)生根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)語音教學(xué)法拼出單詞hop, 將其板書出來。T: Can you spell hopping? 學(xué)生拼出來的一定是hoping,此時糾正錯誤,改為hopping.
swim:
T: Sa, Swim! Swim fast! Swim slowly! What is Sa doing?
Ss: Sa is swimming.
鼓勵學(xué)生根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)語音教學(xué)法拼出單詞swim, 將其板書出來。T: Can you spell swimming? 此時會有聰明的學(xué)生拼出來swimming。
T(強(qiáng)調(diào)): How many letter “m”s are there?
T(全班同學(xué)一起游泳): What are you doing? We are running.
T:Who can’t swim? The chairs/desks/birds can’t swim.
B Read the verbs and their present participles,then play the video of Part A-words.
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過體態(tài)、語言、夸張的表情、小游戲來啟發(fā)誘導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)新單詞,并對現(xiàn)在分詞有個初步的印象。)
Step Three Teach sentence patterns
T:Open your mouth!
(很仔細(xì)地看著學(xué)生的嘴,假裝很驚訝地問)What’s this?
(假裝把手伸到學(xué)生嘴里拿出一樣?xùn)|西)
Look! It has two big ears. It has a long nose. It has a small tail. What is it?
Ss:It’s an elephant.
T: What is the elephant doing?
Ss guess.(引導(dǎo)學(xué)生說)The elephant is …ing.
T: (出示PPT聲音文件)The elephant is sleeping.
How many elephants are there?
Ss: There is only one.
以上教學(xué)過程是針對句子主語為單數(shù)的,如果主語為復(fù)數(shù)的,就可以假裝從孩子嘴里掏出兩個或者更多的小動物。通過這種方式將課文里的四個句型引導(dǎo)出來。
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過游戲讓學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)新句型,在反復(fù)的操練過程中讓學(xué)生對主語為單復(fù)數(shù)的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時句型進(jìn)行區(qū)別和理解。)
Step Four Game
T: Sa, are you a rabbit?
Sa: Yes.
T: What is the rabbit doing?
Don’t tell her. Don’t tell him. Just tell me.
Ss(在老師耳邊小聲說): The rabbit is eating.
T(ask the whole class): What is the rabbit doing?
Ss guess.
T(The winner stands up): You are a turtle. What is the turtle doing?
重復(fù)上面的過程,但這次,由學(xué)生提問學(xué)生回答,由老師帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語轉(zhuǎn)換為學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)。在對單數(shù)的句型練習(xí)幾次后,改為對復(fù)數(shù)句型的練習(xí),即叫兩個人起來一起扮演小動物,并自己小聲商量做什么動作,然后提問同學(xué)What are the … doing?
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過游戲讓學(xué)生練習(xí)新句型,在由老師帶領(lǐng)學(xué)習(xí)逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)W生自主學(xué)習(xí),在反復(fù)的操練過程中讓學(xué)生對主語為單復(fù)數(shù)的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時句型進(jìn)行區(qū)別和理解。)
Step Five Game
讓學(xué)生戴上小動物頭飾,老師大聲說,“The elephant are sleeping.”所有戴著大象頭飾的同學(xué)必須迅速站起來邊做出睡覺的動作邊搶一個座位,最慢的那個沒有搶到座位的同學(xué)走到講臺前,自己選擇一個小動物說:“The rabbits are eating.”戴小兔子頭飾的同學(xué)邊做出吃的動作邊找座位……
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:從經(jīng)驗(yàn)來看,學(xué)生對單數(shù)的句型通常掌握較好,這個游戲讓學(xué)生在反復(fù)的操練中加強(qiáng)對復(fù)數(shù)句型理解。)
Step Six Playing Video
放教學(xué)光碟,讓學(xué)生跟讀一遍后自己朗讀。如果還不會朗讀,就坐在座位上朗讀;如果已經(jīng)會朗讀,可以站劈來看書朗讀;如果已經(jīng)會背誦,就站起來觀賞書背誦。
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:讓學(xué)生熟悉新課文,在朗讀過程中加強(qiáng)對現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的感悟,同時也是根據(jù)學(xué)生的接受程度進(jìn)行分層教學(xué)。)
Step Seven Exercises and practice
a. 做課文中練習(xí)
b. 讓學(xué)生分組來描述小動物,幾分鐘后來演示
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過附加的練習(xí)題了解學(xué)生對現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的掌握情況,及時糾
正錯誤。)
Step seven Home work
學(xué)生自己畫一個Happy Zoo, 根據(jù)自己的圖用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時來描述,并在班級用英語展示。
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:根據(jù)孩子喜歡自己動手的天性,結(jié)合課文內(nèi)容布置此項(xiàng)作業(yè),了解學(xué)生對現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的掌握情況,及時糾正錯誤。)
五、說板書設(shè)計(jì)。
Unit4 More about animals
What is the … doing? eat-eating
The … is …ing. sleep-sleeping
What are the … doing? fight-fighting
The … are …ing. hop-hopping
swim-swimming
run-running